{"id":"CVE-2026-9771","aliases":[],"cve":{"records":[{"id":"CVE-2026-9771","source":"zephyr","state":"PUBLISHED","reasons":[],"replacements":[],"disputed":false,"unsupportedWhenAssigned":false,"reserved":"2026-05-27T22:08:41.676Z","published":"2026-08-17T16:18:52.514Z","modified":"2026-11-04T04:59:35.022Z"}],"publishers":[{"name":"zephyr","role":"CNA","organizationId":"e2e69745-5e70-4e92-8431-deb5529a81ad","modified":"2026-11-04T04:59:35.022Z"},{"name":"CISA-ADP","role":"ADP","organizationId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","modified":"2026-08-17T18:25:14.470Z"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/1b1ecdc438092cdd469319a0d51cba6cf82e06f4","tags":["patch"],"source":"zephyr"},{"url":"https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-68cj-3hg4-5vpm","tags":[],"source":"zephyr"}],"weaknesses":[{"id":"CWE-822","description":"memory-safety","source":"zephyr"},{"id":"CWE-862","description":"memory-safety","source":"zephyr"}],"applicability":[],"prioritization":[{"source":"CISA-ADP","type":"SSVC","role":"CISA Coordinator","timestamp":"2026-08-17T18:24:21.736349Z","decisions":[{"name":"Exploitation","value":"none"},{"name":"Automatable","value":"no"},{"name":"Technical Impact","value":"total"}]}]},"title":"Missing device-pointer validation in flash_copy() syscall allows userspace privilege escalation","titleSource":"zephyr","descriptionSource":"zephyr","description":"The flash_copy() system call is verified by z_vrfy_flash_copy() in drivers/flash/flash_util.c. On builds with CONFIG_USERSPACE enabled, this handler is the kernel-side trust boundary for a user-mode caller. Prior to the fix it validated only the output buffer (K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_WRITE) and passed the two struct device * arguments, src_dev and dst_dev, directly into the implementation without any object validation — unlike every sibling flash syscall, which guards its device pointer with K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_FLASH.\n\nA user-mode thread fully controls the values of src_dev/dst_dev and the contents of its own address space. The implementation z_impl_flash_copy() dereferences these pointers and calls through their driver-API function tables (e.g. api->get_parameters(dst_dev), flash_read(src_dev, ...), flash_write(dst_dev, ...)). By supplying a pointer to a forged struct device whose api table contains attacker-chosen function pointers, an unprivileged thread can cause the kernel to call arbitrary code in supervisor mode; passing any arbitrary or invalid address otherwise yields a kernel crash or out-of-bounds read.\n\nThe result is a local privilege escalation out of the userspace sandbox (with kernel denial-of-service and information disclosure as lesser outcomes). The fix adds K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_FLASH(src_dev, read) and K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_FLASH(dst_dev, write) to z_vrfy_flash_copy(), which verify each device is a registered flash-driver kernel object the calling thread is permitted to use before any dereference, closing the path completely.","score":8.8,"severity":"high","published":"2026-08-17T16:18:52.514Z","modified":"2026-11-04T04:59:35.022Z","withdrawn":false,"knownExploited":false,"affected":[],"products":[{"vendor":"zephyrproject","name":"zephyr","platforms":[],"versions":[{"version":"4.0.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.3.2","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.4.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.4.2","versionType":"semver"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected","cpes":[],"source":"zephyr","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-9771"}],"remediation":[],"references":["https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/1b1ecdc438092cdd469319a0d51cba6cf82e06f4","https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-68cj-3hg4-5vpm"],"sources":[{"name":"CVE","id":"CVE-2026-9771","modified":"2026-11-04T04:59:35.022Z","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-9771"}],"assessments":[{"source":"zephyr","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":8.8}],"sourceAffected":[],"observedAt":"2026-11-04T05:10:36.962Z","kev":{"status":"not-listed","checkedAt":"2026-11-14T23:45:30.863Z"},"coverage":[{"source":"NVD","status":"available","checkedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.532Z","attemptedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.532Z"},{"source":"GHSA","status":"no-result","checkedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.806Z","attemptedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.806Z"},{"source":"EUVD","status":"available","checkedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.169Z","attemptedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.169Z"},{"source":"EPSS","status":"available","checkedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.532Z","attemptedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.532Z"}],"evidence":[{"source":"ENISA EUVD","id":"EUVD-2026-60268","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-60268","modified":"Nov 4, 2026, 4:59:35 AM","score":8.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","checkedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.169Z"},{"source":"FIRST EPSS","id":"CVE-2026-9771","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/","probability":0.00142,"percentile":0.03574,"date":"2026-11-03","checkedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.532Z"},{"source":"NVD","id":"CVE-2026-9771","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9771","modified":"2026-11-04T05:19:07.243","score":8.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","checkedAt":"2026-11-04T07:50:34.532Z"}],"aiSummary":{"text":"Zephyr versions 4.0.0 to 4.3.2 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.2 have a weakness due to missing device-pointer validation in the flash_copy() syscall, allowing local privilege escalation. A user-mode thread can supply a forged struct device pointer to call arbitrary code in supervisor mode. This results in a local privilege escalation out of the userspace sandbox.","model":"@cf/meta/llama-3.3-70b-instruct-fp8-fast","generatedAt":"2026-11-04T05:31:11.363Z","sources":[{"name":"CVE","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-9771"}]}}