{"id":"CVE-2026-118257","aliases":["GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"],"title":"Vue I18n: escapeParameter does not prevent XSS through srcdoc in translation messages","titleSource":"OSV","descriptionSource":"OSV","declaredSeverity":"HIGH","description":"### Summary\n\nWhen `escapeParameter` is enabled (`escapeParameterHtml` in the Legacy API), Vue I18n passes the translated string through `sanitizeTranslatedHtml()`. The sanitizer escapes `<` and `>` in attribute values and neutralizes event handler attributes such as `onerror`, but it does not handle the `srcdoc` attribute of `<iframe>`.\n\nThe value of `srcdoc` is an HTML document: the browser decodes the character references in it and parses the result as a nested document in the same origin. The escaping and the neutralization done by the sanitizer are both character references, so they are undone inside `srcdoc`. This bypasses the fix for CVE-2025-53892 (GHSA-x8qp-wqqm-57ph).\n\n### Details\n\n`sanitizeTranslatedHtml()` ([`packages/shared/src/sanitize.ts` in v11.4.13](https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/blob/v11.4.13/packages/shared/src/sanitize.ts#L126-L162)) works on the final translated string:\n\n1. It escapes `<`, `>`, `\"` and `'` inside quoted attribute values.\n2. It rewrites the `on` of event handler attributes to `&#111;n`.\n3. It replaces `javascript:` URLs in `href`, `src`, `action` and `formaction` with `about:blank`.\n\nInside `srcdoc`, steps 1 and 2 only produce character references, which the browser decodes before parsing the value as a document. Markup inside `srcdoc` therefore survives the sanitizer, with escaping or without it.\n\nThis can be reached in three ways:\n\n- **A parameter inside `srcdoc`.** With a message such as `<iframe srcdoc=\"{content}\"></iframe>`, `escapeParameter` escapes `content` into character references, and the browser decodes them again.\n- **Markup in a message.** A message that contains an `<iframe srcdoc=\"...\">` keeps it after sanitizing. The documentation asks not to use HTML messages with content from users, but it also says that the sanitizer neutralizes event handlers in the final HTML.\n- **Together with GHSA-8rc2-428q-7ww3.** When a call passes a list and named values, the named values are not escaped. An `<iframe srcdoc=\"...\">` in a named value then reaches the sanitizer as markup, even with an ordinary message such as `{0} {name}`.\n\n### PoC\n\n```js\nimport { createI18n } from 'vue-i18n'\n\nconst i18n = createI18n({\n  legacy: false,\n  locale: 'en',\n  escapeParameter: true,\n  messages: {\n    en: { message: '<iframe srcdoc=\"<b>x</b>\"></iframe>' }\n  }\n})\n\nconsole.log(i18n.global.t('message'))\n// v11.4.13: <iframe srcdoc=\"&lt;b&gt;x&lt;/b&gt;\"></iframe>\n```\n\nThe browser decodes the value and renders `<b>x</b>` as a separate document inside the `<iframe>`, in the same origin as the page. Any markup in that position is parsed the same way.\n\n### Impact\n\nApplications are affected when they enable `escapeParameter`, render translations as HTML (for example with `v-html`), and one of the following applies:\n\n- an untrusted value is passed as a parameter that the message places inside `srcdoc`,\n- message content is not fully trusted (for example crowdsourced or stored translations), or\n- untrusted named values are passed in the same call as a list (GHSA-8rc2-428q-7ww3).\n\nAn attacker can then run script in the origin of the application (DOM-based XSS), despite the sanitizer.\n\nRendering through `<i18n-t>` is not affected, since it does not render translations as HTML.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in 11.4.14 and 12.0.0-alpha.5. The sanitizer now neutralizes the `srcdoc` attribute itself, in the same way as event handler attributes.\n\nv9 and v10 are no longer supported and will not be fixed. Please migrate to v11.\n\n### Workarounds\n\n- Do not render translations that can contain untrusted content with `v-html`. Use component interpolation (`<i18n-t>`) instead.\n- Do not put `srcdoc` in translation messages, and do not pass values into it.\n\n### References\n\n- [CWE-79](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html), [CWE-116](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/116.html)\n- [GHSA-x8qp-wqqm-57ph](https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/security/advisories/GHSA-x8qp-wqqm-57ph) (CVE-2025-53892): the fix that added `sanitizeTranslatedHtml()`\n- [GHSA-8rc2-428q-7ww3](https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/security/advisories/GHSA-8rc2-428q-7ww3): named values are not escaped when a list is also passed\n- [HTML Standard: the `srcdoc` attribute](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/iframe-embed-object.html#attr-iframe-srcdoc)","severity":"high","score":7.2,"published":"2026-10-28T18:23:49.400Z","modified":"2026-10-29T20:55:05.780Z","withdrawn":false,"knownExploited":false,"affected":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"vue-i18n","sources":[{"name":"OSV · GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"}],"ranges":[],"versions":["9.14.5"],"fixed":[]},{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"vue-i18n","sources":[{"name":"OSV · GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"}],"ranges":[],"versions":["10.0.8"],"fixed":[]},{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"vue-i18n","sources":[{"name":"OSV · GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"}],"ranges":[{"events":[{"introduced":"11.1.10"},{"fixed":"11.4.14"}],"type":"SEMVER"}],"versions":[],"fixed":["11.4.14"]},{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"vue-i18n","sources":[{"name":"OSV · GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"}],"ranges":[{"events":[{"introduced":"12.0.0-alpha.4"},{"fixed":"12.0.0-alpha.5"}],"type":"SEMVER"}],"versions":["12.0.0-alpha.4"],"fixed":["12.0.0-alpha.5"]},{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"petite-vue-i18n","sources":[{"name":"OSV · 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GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"}],"ranges":[{"events":[{"introduced":"12.0.0-alpha.4"},{"fixed":"12.0.0-alpha.5"}],"type":"SEMVER"}],"versions":["12.0.0-alpha.4"],"fixed":["12.0.0-alpha.5"]}],"sourceAffected":[],"references":["https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/security/advisories/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/pull/2679","https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/commit/43391d20e7c85403cb59bdb21b5d542819f54042","https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n","https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/releases/tag/v11.4.14","https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/releases/tag/v12.0.0-alpha.5"],"sources":[{"name":"OSV","id":"GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","modified":"2026-10-28T21:15:05.568930892Z","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"},{"name":"CVE","id":"CVE-2026-118257","modified":"2026-10-29T20:55:05.780Z","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-118257"}],"assessments":[{"source":"OSV","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":7.2},{"source":"GitHub_M","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","score":7.2}],"cve":{"records":[{"id":"CVE-2026-118257","source":"GitHub_M","state":"PUBLISHED","reasons":[],"replacements":[],"disputed":false,"unsupportedWhenAssigned":false,"reserved":"2026-10-27T20:13:55.314Z","published":"2026-10-28T18:23:49.400Z","modified":"2026-10-29T20:55:05.780Z"}],"publishers":[{"name":"GitHub_M","role":"CNA","organizationId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","modified":"2026-10-28T18:23:49.400Z"},{"name":"CISA-ADP","role":"ADP","organizationId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","modified":"2026-10-29T20:55:05.780Z"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/security/advisories/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"],"source":"GitHub_M"},{"url":"https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/pull/2679","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"],"source":"GitHub_M"},{"url":"https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/commit/43391d20e7c85403cb59bdb21b5d542819f54042","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"],"source":"GitHub_M"},{"url":"https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/releases/tag/v11.4.14","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"],"source":"GitHub_M"},{"url":"https://github.com/intlify/vue-i18n/releases/tag/v12.0.0-alpha.5","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"],"source":"GitHub_M"}],"weaknesses":[{"id":"CWE-79","description":"CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')","source":"GitHub_M"},{"id":"CWE-116","description":"CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output","source":"GitHub_M"}],"applicability":[],"prioritization":[{"source":"CISA-ADP","type":"SSVC","role":"CISA Coordinator","timestamp":"2026-10-29T15:43:29.896851Z","decisions":[{"name":"Exploitation","value":"none"},{"name":"Automatable","value":"yes"},{"name":"Technical Impact","value":"partial"}]}]},"products":[{"vendor":"intlify","name":"vue-i18n","platforms":[],"versions":[{"version":"= 9.14.5","status":"affected"},{"version":"= 10.0.8","status":"affected"},{"version":">= 11.1.10, < 11.4.14","status":"affected"},{"version":">= 12.0.0-alpha.4, < 12.0.0-alpha.5","status":"affected"}],"cpes":[],"source":"GitHub_M","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-118257"}],"remediation":[],"observedAt":"2026-10-29T21:32:32.924Z","kev":{"status":"not-listed","checkedAt":"2026-10-31T09:15:31.262Z"},"coverage":[{"source":"NVD","status":"available","checkedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:34.318Z","attemptedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:34.318Z"},{"source":"GHSA","status":"no-result","checkedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:35.049Z","attemptedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:35.049Z"},{"source":"EUVD","status":"available","checkedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:34.187Z","attemptedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:34.187Z"},{"source":"EPSS","status":"no-result","checkedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:33.672Z","attemptedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:33.672Z"}],"evidence":[{"source":"ENISA EUVD","id":"EUVD-2026-112359","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-112359","modified":"Oct 28, 2026, 6:23:49 PM","score":7.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","checkedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:34.187Z"},{"source":"NVD","id":"CVE-2026-118257","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-118257","modified":"2026-10-28T19:17:30.207","score":7.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","checkedAt":"2026-10-28T19:45:34.318Z"}],"aiSummary":{"text":"Vue I18n versions 9.14.5, 10.0.8, and 11.1.10 to 11.4.13 are affected by a vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass the sanitizer and run script in the origin of the application when rendering translations as HTML with untrusted content. The weakness is due to improper neutralization of input during web page generation.","model":"@cf/meta/llama-3.3-70b-instruct-fp8-fast","generatedAt":"2026-10-30T09:41:50.416Z","sources":[{"name":"OSV","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-83rm-6c8r-g728"},{"name":"CVE","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-118257"}]}}