CodeIgniter: SQL injection in Query Builder deleteBatch() when used with where() conditions
Impact
A SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Query Builder's deleteBatch() method. When deleteBatch() is used together with where() conditions, the bound values from the WHERE clause are substituted directly into the generated SQL with their escape flag ignored, so they are never escaped or quoted. If an application passes user-controlled input to where() before calling deleteBatch(), that input is interpreted as SQL rather than as a value, allowing SQL injection.
Source excerpt · OSVAffected packages
Start with the recorded fix for your release branch. Check your installed version and test compatibility before upgrading. Fixing this advisory does not rule out other vulnerabilities in the release.
| Affected range | Recorded fix |
|---|---|
| From 4.3.0 before 4.7.4Ecosystem versions | 4.7.4 |
Version evidence: OSV · GHSA-c9w5-rwh3-7pm9
View original version evidence (37 explicit versions)
Original source description
Impact
A SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Query Builder's deleteBatch() method. When deleteBatch() is used together with where() conditions, the bound values from the WHERE clause are substituted directly into the generated SQL with their escape flag ignored, so they are never escaped or quoted. If an application passes user-controlled input to where() before calling deleteBatch(), that input is interpreted as SQL rather than as a value, allowing SQL injection.
This affects only the deleteBatch() code path. Regular delete() operations escape where() binds correctly.
Patches
Upgrade to v4.7.4 or later.
Workarounds
If you cannot upgrade immediately:
- Strictly validate and cast values (e.g. numeric IDs) before using them in conditions - though this does not fully protect string conditions.
- Do not pass user-controlled input to
where()when usingdeleteBatch(). - For user-controlled conditions, use a normal
delete()with Query Builder binds instead ofdeleteBatch(). - Where possible, express required matching values through the batch data and
onConstraint()rather than as separate user-controlledwhere()clauses.
References
- Security advisory github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/security/advisories/GHSA-c9w5-rwh3-7pm9
- Security advisory nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-63221
- Patch github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/commit/f5e463b9a3e986389ce285963e51a7f1fab6559f
- Source reference github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4
- Release notes github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/releases/tag/v4.7.4